Abortion from an International Perspective after the Dobbs case

Gabriela García Escobar

doi:10.5294/dika.2024.33.1.9

Autores/as

Gabriela García Escobar Autor/a Universidad Panamericana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7030-9543

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5294/dika.2024.33.1.9

Palabras clave:

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos, legalidad del aborto, instrumentos del soft law, mecanismos de derechos humanos

Resumen

Hace poco, la Corte Suprema de Justicia estadounidense anuló los precedentes que legalizaban el aborto en el caso Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization. En este artículo se analiza si esta decisión es coherente con el estatus actual del aborto conforme al Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos (DIDH), según sus fuentes clásicas (tratados y derecho consuetudinario). Dado que no existe ningún tratado que incluya el derecho al aborto ni ninguna práctica coherente entre los Estados para legalizar el aborto, se examinan varios instrumentos del soft law para aclarar el consenso sobre el tema. Entre ellos se encuentran los acuerdos alcanzados en las Conferencias Mundiales de Población, la Cuarta Conferencia Mundial sobre la Mujer de 1995 y los pronunciamientos y la jurisprudencia de los mecanismos de derechos humanos (órganos de supervisión de tratados y tribunales regionales). Este análisis demuestra que los argumentos y las conclusiones del caso Dobbs son coherentes con lo que los Estados han acordado internacionalmente sobre esta cuestión.

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